托福口语第2题模板 显示相同信息的信号词

　　托福口语第2题模板

　　托福口语第二题的考题内容总是在不断变化中的,但掌握一定的托福考试出题规律,对托福备考起到事半功倍的效果!

　　1. Some people like to go to college immediately after graduation while others prefer to have a one-year break to learn something or do something they like. Which doyou prefer?

　　Answer: Well, I personally prefer to have a break before getting into college as I think, first of all, to know what I’m interested in and what I’m looking for is of great significance.I mean, to me to know what I like to learn incollege is not that easy as I don’t experience much during school. Only by experiencing more out of class can I find my real interest. More importantly, it’s a good chance to get a part-time job to save me some money on my tuition feein college, so I’m able to have a quite easy budget. So to me to have a break before college is more preferable.

　　2. Some people like to have abreak or get a job during summer vacation. Others think it is better to take aclass. Which do you prefer and why?

　　Answer: To me, I’d say I would have a break or get a job during summervacation. I think the essence of summer vacation is to allow us to have arelaxation after a term-long devotion to study and therefore refresh andrecharge us to getready for a new semester; otherwise we will consume too muchenergy. What’s more, summer vacation serves as a great opportunity to allow usto have a travel with friends or family so as to enhance our socialrelationship, or to get a jobwhether in relation to our major or not so thatwe are able to expand our experience.

　　3. Somestudents prefer to study alone while others prefer to study in group. Which doyou prefer?

　　Answer: Well, I think that depends on what kind of work I’m doing. Buton most occasions I’d like to study alone. First of all, I think everyone hasown ideas about a task. It’s great to learn from others’ ideas and experience,butpersonally I am easy to be affected by others’ thoughts or whatever. Iprefer to learn individually since I can hold on my opinion about a question ora task and later discuss with my classmates. Secondly, when I study I have tomake surethat I a hundred percent focus on my work so I’m able to think deeplyand ensure my study efficiency; otherwise I probably would not have asatisfying learning result.

　　4. Somepeople think the first impression is important when making friends while othersthink it’s more important to know each other over time. What do you think?

　　Answer: Well, I think to know each other over time is more importantwhen making friends. Firstly, most people won’t show their real personality tostrangers at first encounter nowadays. So the first impression is not asreliable as it wasbefore. What we see and what we hear are probably not whatpeople really want to express, or probably what they pretend to express. Onlyby interacting with people more often later can we get to know them more clearly.What’s more, manypeople make friends by exploiting common interests, and Ithink they can get to know each other more deeply through long-terminteraction. So that’s why I’d say to know each other over time is moreimportant when making friends.

　　5. Some students think maths is more important while others think art and history are more important. What do you think?

　　Answer: Personally, I think art and history are more important to learn because firstly, learning art allows students to exploit their interests and cultivate their temperament. I would never know that I’m good at making sculptures ifmy school didn’t open sculpture class. What’s more, learning history is of great significance to sharpen students’ analytical skill and critical thinking. Only by drawing experience from history can we move forward without making samemistakes.

　　托福口语考试中的句子关系

　　句子之间的关系多种多样，常见的有：并列关系、因果关系、递进关系、转折关系和相互解释关系。

　　Women could and did play a part in this process of settlement. Iceland, for instance, was uninhabited, and a permanent population could only be established if women also made the journey there. 【后一句的具体事例为前一句提供说明与解释】

　　People borrowed more and more money so that they could buy these shares. Because of this, the American people started to believe that share prices could only go up further. 【“because of”明显的因果关系】

　　Astronomy is a science that deals with all the celestial bodies in the universe. Astronomy includes the study of planets and their satellites, comets and meteors, stars and interstellar matter, star systems and clusters. 【后一句是对前一句celestial bodies 的进一步解释】

　　Previously it was believed that due to the Archaeopteryx's 【始祖鸟】 underdeveloped anatomy, it would not have been able to fly. However, research by the London Natural History Museum into its brain developed and that it had good vision and a good sense of balance — all the requirements for a creature to be able to fly. 【“However”转折对比】

　　阅读时，我们可以根据段落中出现的一些信号词【Signal Words】来判断句子与句子之间的关系，掌握段落发展线索，来调整阅读速度，提高阅读质量。

　　1.显示相同信息的信号词：

　　There has been an upsurge of interest in chamber music. Likewise opera is receiving a boost from increased record sales.

　　“likewise”这一信号词显示了前面所提到的idea后面还要再一次出现。因此，阅读时见到这样的信号词无须放慢阅读速度。这样的信号词还包括：

　　and, furthermore, more, than, that, also, likewise, moreover, in addition, what is more, for instance, for example

　　2.显示思路转折的信号词：

　　I'd like to go but I'm too busy.

　　“but”前后是完全不同的信息描述，它向读者显示了作者的思路在这里有了转折。阅读时，碰到这样的信号词我们需放慢阅读速度，以准确获取作者真正想要说明的意思。这类信号词还有：

　　although, however, on the contrary, but, in spite of, otherwise, despite, nevertheless, yet

　　3.显示因果关系的信号词：

　　As a result of the pilots' strike, all flights have had to be cancelled.

　　All flights have had to be cancelled as a result of the pilots' strike.

　　所有航班被取消的原因是因为飞行员们的罢工;飞行员们的罢工导致了所有的航班不得不被取消。显示因果关系的信号词还有：

　　for, thus, because, for this reason, so, therefore, as, since, consequently

　　4.显示顺序的信号词：

　　Internet speeds communication between companies, among co-workers through video-conferences, and among other individuals. First, media companies use the Internet for online news, or to broadcast audio and video, including live radio and television programs, while individuals use the Internet for communication, entertainment, finding information, buying and selling goods and services. Second, the notion of distance disappears thanks to the Internet. People also enjoy instant messaging to exchange text messages or pictures in real time, with real-time video and sound. Finally, scientists and scholars use the Internet to perform research, distribute lecture notes or course materials to students, they communicate with colleagues, and can also publish papers and articles.

　　抓住了这样的信号词就把握住了作者叙述的顺序，也就分清了相对独立的论据。这样的信号词包括：

　　first, second, third, and so on, then, after, before, next, last, afterward, finally

　　5.表示结论/总结的信号词：

　　In conclusion, I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today.

　　词组“in conclusion”前面所提到的一些信息将在这里被归纳总结。读到带有这样的信号词或短语的句子时，应格外留心注意，它们往往会向我们提示相关段落的核心信息。表示结论或总结的信号词和短语还有：

　　as a result, finally, therefore, accordingly, in short, thus, consequently, in conclusion, so, in brief, in a word

　　托福口语考试如何控制语速

　　一般而言，对于新托福口语中的关键词和关键句应该慢读，做到充分理解，牢牢把握;而对非关键词和非关键句应加快阅读速度，留出多于时间，用以反复阅读重点句或归纳总结。例子如下:

　　例1：

　　A lot of people think that cultural anthropology is just about studying the special and strange aspects of a society, but anthropologists are also interested in the aspects of life that seems so ordinary that the people in the society think they are not significant.

　　在托福口语练习时读的过程中我们很容易找到关键词,如：cultural anthropology, the special and strange aspects of life, but, anthropologists, interested, ordinary, significant。这些关键词反映了此句的主要信息："许多人认为文化人类学就是研究特殊而奇怪的社会现象，但人类学家有时还对一些人们认为不重要的、看起来很普通的生活现象感兴趣。

　　"通过分析关键词，我们又发现"but"这个具有转折意义的连接词,它向我们显示了此句的后半句才是整个句子的核心部分，它提示我们阅读时应更加留心阅读后半句的关键词，提炼关键信息。因此，我们可以很肯定地确认此句最重要的意义应该是："Anthropologists are also interested in the aspects of life so ordinary that people don’t think they are significant."并且也可以很肯定地预测，如有下文，也一定是就后半句所反映的核心信息继续论述，而不是前半句的。

　　这样，在阅读时，我们就会把目光把注意力更加有目的地集中在后半句的关键词上，而对那些附加修饰、说明的部分，如：修饰people的a lot of 、in the society就可以快速阅读，甚至略去不读，因为它并不影响我们对中心意思的理解与把握，同时也可以通过新托福口语计时器的考验。

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